中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
专家：“一带一路”倡议为世界经济增长开辟了新空间****** 中新网北京1月10日电 (记者 阚枫)2023年是共建“一带一路”重大倡议提出10周年，如今，这一重大倡议已经成为深受欢迎的国际公共产品和国际合作平台。近期，相关专家在中新社“东西问·中外对话”中表示，“一带一路”倡议是全球治理的中国方案，为世界经济增长开辟了新空间，符合全球化时代世界人民的利益追求。 中国社科院学部委员、中国边疆研究所所长邢广程表示，长久以来，亚欧大陆都存在“不通”的问题，从古丝绸之路到如今的“一带一路”，“互联互通”一直都是亚欧国家追求的目标。 “到目前为止，没有一个横贯亚欧的高速公路、高速铁路，这是技术问题吗？显然不是。”邢广程说，现在的“互联互通”有两层含义，一方面是物理的联通，如铁路、公路、网络、石油天然气管道等；另一方面是软制度的联通，如贸易和投资便利化等。 邢广程说，中国提出“一带一路”倡议为世界经济增长开辟了新空间，为全球治理提供了中国方案，“这个时候，美国就坐不住了，他不断脱钩筑坝，从多个维度有意作梗。” 邢广程分析，美国在乌克兰危机背后下了很大功夫，客观上对丝绸之路经济带，对欧亚“五通”产生影响。同时，美国又拉小圈子，在海上搞印太经济框架，在21世纪海上丝绸之路上再做堵点，美国不断在陆上和海上给亚欧制造新堵点，这种战略意图非常明显。 “‘一带一路’没有排斥美国，也希望美国参加，但是，‘你不当头就不参加，你要参加必须当头，必须听你的话’，这种帝国思维已不适合21世纪的发展。” 邢广程说，从文明视角看，美国动作的背后就是西方文明优越论，他不容忍东方文明去设计沟通东西方创新性合作的模式，特别是他认为会挑战其霸权的模式，所以采取了各种各样的方式围堵。 西南大学伊朗研究中心主任冀开运分析，“一带一路”是全球治理的中国方案，其精神是共商、共建、共享，这三个“共”也是全球化时代人类的共同目标，符合全球化时代全球人民的利益追求。 冀开运表示，中国经过40多年的改革开放深入融入全球化，而这时西方的自利心态就凸显出来，“你不能比我富裕，不能比我平等，全球化的好处只应属于我。因此，当中国成为国际秩序建设者、维护者时，这样的国际秩序他们宁可不要。” 冀开运称，全球化时代，中国离不开世界，世界也离不开中国，各国彼此需要，“脱钩”绝不符合世界人民的利益，也不符合中美两国人民的利益。“拉帮结派鼓噪对华围堵、脱钩，说明美国政客的狭隘和短见。太平洋很大，完全可以包容中美两国人民的发展要求”。(完) 快三大发地图 |
